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It is not often in these days of high
standards in all areas
of automobile construction that one model can be singled out for having
an outstanding advantage over its competitors. In most cases when it is
not a matter of just plain personal taste, the car purchased is a
compromise of price, size, capacity and economy.
The Citroen ID-19 station wagon is a clear exception. Its outstanding
feature is its suspension, a pneumatic-oil system with a self-levelling
device which deals easily with all loads the wagon is required to carry
and still maintains a minimum ground clearance of 6 1/2 inches.
This clearance can, by the simple movement of a lever near floor level
by the driver’s left foot, be increased to a maximum 11.2 inches or to
levels in between these extremes. The advantage of such a flexible
system to anyone packing loads over unsurfaced terrain are immediately
obvious. The air-oil suspension also eliminates those other
discomforting features of heavily loaded wagons, a dragging tail and
headlights which mis-aligned under load point their beams at night
straight into the eyes on oncoming drivers.
The air-oil suspension is connected to each of the four independently
sprung wheels by a piston-arm. Movement of the road wheels is
transmitted by the arm’s piston action to a container, the lower half
of which contains a fluid. Increase or decrease in pressure in the
fluid caused by movements of the piston-arm are transmitted to gas
which is sealed in the upper section of the container and being
compressible, act as a spring.
The amount of weight in the car causes the fluid to decrease or to
exert more pressure, resulting in the body of the vehicle always being
level and maintained at a constant height.
The only noise accompanying this remarkable operation is a subdued
hissing emanating from the lower recesses of the vehicle as it reacts
to the varying influences of the moving vehicle.
This suspension system has some other very worthwhile benefits in that
it virtually eliminates nose dive on braking and puts up a countering
action to body lean in the corners. At the same time it absorbs to an
amazing degree the shocks and jolts of uneven pavement.
The braking system is power assisted, another plus factor when this
ßstation wagon is heavily loaded. During the early stages of his
acquaintance with the braking system the operator can be forgiven for
feeling that pushing down on the brake results in a similar (sic)
stopping action to that of throwing a grappling hook aboard and having
it hold fast immediately. The driver soon learns that here is a power
braking system that will do 95 per cent of the work for him and after a
few miles he will learn that gentle pressures on the brake pedal will
bring very satisfactory results.
The brake pedal itself is a signal to the efficiency of the braking
system for it is a small round knob little larger than a dimmer switch
and this too requires getting used to for it has very little travel.
Once mastered, the braking is delightful.
The test vehicle was a four door station wagon which can seat eight
persons, three on each side of the two bench-type seats, and two
persons in lesser comfort on two separate jump seats which fold flush
with the cargo deck when not in use.
Cargo carrying space is generous for a vehicle in this class. With the
rearward bench folded flat there is 84 inches of floor space.
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The rear door is a clever piece of design.
It is split
horizontally with the major portion which contains a single large
window lifting high up out of the way for loading operations. The
smaller section is a let-down gate which can be left open when the top
section is closed down so that very long objects can be carried by
simply letting them hang out of the back without having the entire rear
end of the wagon exposed.
The engine, which is surprisingly small, only a shade under 2 litres,
drives the front wheels. This grouping of the engine and transmission
at the front makes the handling somewhat heavy even when the wagon is
not loaded but this heaviness is only really noticeable when parking.
The advantages of front wheel drive come through plainly, for the wagon
corners with great authority when under power and behaves well on slick
roads.
Assisted by good gearing from the four-speed manual box, the 1911 cc
water-cooled engine cruises comfortably in the upper sixties and
mid-seventies but is a little slow in getting off the mark, a problem
which CT&T did not find overwhelming considering the nature of the
vehicle.
The external appearance of the station wagon is in keeping with
Citroen’s revolutionary trend, being similar to the sedans, clean,
aerodynamic and with a minimum of external protruberances (sic).
Visibility is excellent with a large glass area and small pillars. Due
to Citroen’s now familiar ventilation system through grilles in the
instrument panel, the need for small vent windows at the side is
eliminated and the windows are uncluttered.
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The heating system on the test vehicle,
however, left something (sic)
to be desired. It was tested during one of the winter's coldest spells
during which time the flow of warm air to the driving compartment was
below the comfort level. The windshield could be kept clear of mist but
the absence of a blower in the heating system is considered a definite
drawback to the comfort of this model in this country.
The use of plastics and subdued tones gives the interior a modern, not
unpleasant appearance, with the accent on space and uncluttered
efficiency. In operation the Citroen slipped through the air with a
whisper and little engine noise penetrated the driving compartment.
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CITROEN WAGON
SPECIFICATIONS
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Price of model tested:
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$3795 (Toronto)
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Engine:
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Four cylinder, ohv, water-cooled
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Torque:
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96 ft/lbs at 3000 rpm
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B.H.P.
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70 at 3000 rpm
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Bore & Stroke:
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3.07 ins x 3.94 ins
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Displacement:
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1911 cc
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Compression ratio:
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7.5:1
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Carburetor:
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Single Solex downdraught
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Fuel Pump:
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Mechanical
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Drive:
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Four speed manual gearbox, synchromesh
on top three gears, drive through front wheels, final reduction 3.8:1
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Brakes:
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Disc brakes at front, drums at rear,
power assisted, hydraulic action
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Suspension:
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Front: Two suspension arms with
air-oil unit on each wheel. Anti-roll bar.
Rear: Independent with single suspension arm. Air-oil unit and shock
absorber to each wheel.
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Wheels:
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Centre lock nut: Michelin 165 x 400.
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Steering:
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Three turns lock to lock. Turning
circle: 36 ft.
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Heater Rating:
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Fair
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Dimensions:
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Wheelbase: 123 inches
Track (Front and rear): 59 and 51.3 inches
Length: 196 inches
Width: 70 inches
Height: 60 inches
Weight: 2850 pounds
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Fuel Tank:
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11.5 imperial gallons
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TIMES
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0 - 30 mph
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6.5 seconds
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0 - 40 mph
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10.0 seconds
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0 - 60 mph
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21.0 seconds
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Speedometer
Error:
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30 indicated - 27.5 true; 40 indicated
- 38 true; 60 indicated - 57 true
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Fuel Consumption:
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32.6 mpg
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Timing Equipment:
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S. Smith & Son
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©
1961 Track and Traffic/2017 Julian Marsh/Citroënët/thanks
to J de V
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