|
Quelle diesel!
ONE
OF THE more remarkable vehicles to pass through our hands during 1977
was the Citroën CX Diesel which was chosen by us for Long Term test. We
reported on it after 12,000 miles (Autocar, w/e 22 October 1977); after
that it covered almost another 6,000 miles before the time came for its
disposal. Those miles were accumulated almost willy-nilly, in the hands
of several different staff members. The Citroën's "owner", Andrew
Shanks, left us soon after publication of the main report to follow his
bent as a competition driver and manager. Some of its earlier mileage
had been accumulated while towing his racing car on its trailer. At
least it was now spared that heavy duty.
Looking at the
log, it is clear that the car may have started as something less than
desirable in most people's eyes, but that in the end the Citroën was
valued as one of the best ways to cover very long distances. It
combined all the comfort one has come to expect of the CX, with the
remarkable economy of the diesel. To bring the fuel record up to date,
the final 5,500 miles were covered at an average of 31.6mpg, rather
below the 33.5mpg of the main test report.
This is
still a remarkable figure for a car of this size, weight and not
inconsiderable performance. My own feeling is that the consumption was
made worse because a number of people drove the car who were not used
to diesels. It does not take long to come to terms with diesel
behaviour, but for the first few hundred miles a newcomer tends to
change down when it is not necessary. He does not appreciate the
diesel’s sheer lugging ability, or the need to adopt the "stand off and
charge" approach to overtaking instead of just slipping down to third
and blasting past.
Perhaps because of its good, clean
shape, the Citroën more than most diesels (sic) cars showed up the
paradox of their performance. Its cruising performance was so good that
its limited acceleration came as something of a shock. I am sad to
report that we were unable to take any final performance figures on the
CX, because there was general agreement that it had become quicker
during its time with us. The Road Test figures, quoted again here, show
a mean maximum of 89mph, or 95mph on the optimistic speedometer. Yet I
and others have seen the indicated 100mph on the road, not merely as a
flash reading but held for long cruising periods. In the speed-limited
Britain of today, this means that there are few places where the CX
Diesel will not cover distance as fast as almost anything; Indeed, it
will do better, for its big fuel tank and frugal consumption mean it
does not have to stop so often. It is an interesting feature of the log
book that most of its refuelling stops fall between 300 and 400 miles
apart, with some intervals of more than 400 miles. Had the thought
occurred to us, no doubt somebody would have tried to make 600 miles on
a tankful, a figure not beyond the realms of reality.
|
|
|
Derv debates
Actually
buying diesel fuel is still something of a fraught business in Britain.
French and German forecourt attendants are more used to diesel-powered
saloons, but most of our staff eventually had at least one story about
people refusing to put Derv into the Citroën. One soon learns, too,
that not every garage stocks Derv, and at weekends they can be few and
far between. It hurts that Britain's present price structure makes Derv
more expensive than four-star petrol, and this was certainly a spur to
use the CX for as many long Continental journeys as possible - diesel
fuel in France and Italy especially is much, much cheaper than petrol.
As
related in our earlier report, we were worried at first that the
engine's oil consumption would go a long way towards offsetting the low
fuel costs. For the first part of its life the CX did no better than
400 miles to the pint, and there are records of drivers putting in
nearly three pints after a very long, hard drive. Citroën’s service
department assured us things would improve, and they did. After the
12,000-mile mark the oil consumption appears to have settled at just
about 1,000 miles to the pint, which is surely reasonable. Two points
have to be borne in mind. First, diesels are fussy about oil
cleanliness and need more frequent oil and filter changes than their
petrol-driven equivalents. Second, the CX needed special oil: straight
SAE30HD, which again was not always readily available in Britain,
although most French garages seemed to carry a stock. A useful point in
the CX was the provision of an internal oil-level gauge, in the form of
a sight-tube which filled (or occasionally didn't) at the press of a
button.
Apart from a few electrical foibles early on,
the CX was mostly reliable. It let itself down just as the 12,000-mile
report was in preparation, coming to a stop with water pump failure.
There was no obvious explanation for this, but the wait for a
replacement kept the car off the road for over a week. Our other
constant grouse was that the car did not pump itself up quickly enough
from its "dead" position. I was quick to notice this because it meant a
choice between treating my neighbours to a half-minute of diesel rattle
very early in the morning, or waking them up with a quick clang of
undertray as l drove down the kerb ramp into the road. After some
attention the pump-up time was improved a little, but it never matched
that of other CXs we have driven.
Starting itself was
entirely reliable. One's tendency is always to try the cold start
rather sooner than the book says the glow-plugs need to warm through,
and we soon came to the conclusion that the book was being
conservative. A quick count to 10 after switching on was always enough,
even on the coldest morning (it would have been interesting to see what
happened on some of our more recent mornings, perhaps). In common with
all modern diesel cars, the CX has single-key operation, rather than
the separate fuel cut-out of the older Mercedes and Peugeots. Switching
off is just that, whereas I remember searching a Peugeot 404 Diesel for
a minute or more before finding the fuel control.
Citroën's
diesel is extremely good where smoke is concerned - I do not recall
anyone on the staff ever having noticed any - but it only merits a
"fair" for noise. In general, the faster the car was going, the more
restful it became. At town speeds one was much more aware of some
clatter, and occasionally the half-knowledgeable passer-by would look
in pity for the demise of the big-ends.
Even aside
from the diesel, the CX remains a car of great interest. People in
Britain still regard the hydropneumatic suspension as something
terribly complicated - which is not really true - and therefore
unreliable, which is certainly not so. The system gives a remarkable
ride in almost any circumstances, except over single sharp humps where
all big Citroëns, DS and CX alike have always behaved very badly unless
speed was reduced to their liking. The adjustable ride height may be a
source of great amusement to first-time passengers but it has other,
sterner uses. I can think of no more reassuring car in which to
negotiate a deep flood than the CX Diesel, its ground clearance jacked
up to nearly a foot and its engine chugging away with no ignition to
soak. Even the smooth undertray at the nose seems to sweep water
sideways rather than throwing it up.
|
|
|
The
car has stood up well to a programme of hard work and minimal service,
and the only significant engine problem has been a water pump failure |
|
|
There
are few changes in the diesel layout from that of the equivalent petrol
model, but the rev counter is deleted - a shame, as it would be
appreciated in a car where rev control is so critical; but with no
ignition to drive a rev counter, Citroen have no choice. In its place
is a warning tell- tale for the cold start glow plugs. The delightful
comfort of the seats is one of the great features of the CX and the
diesel has electrically operated front wind (sic) lifts as standard |
|
With
its good economy and long range, the Citroen CX diesel has been a prime
choice for long Continental trips, especially to France where diesel
fuel is so much cheaper than petrol. |
|
Steering surprises
The
Varipower steering remains a bone of contention among us. For those who
are used to it, it takes a great deal of strain out of driving, since
it almost removes the need to move the steering wheel, let alone devote
any effort to it. Eventually one learns almost to "think" the car round
a corner: but it is a trick that all take time to learn, and some seem
never to. The Citroën does not help in that an over-large bite of
steering brings with it a sharp lean of the body, almost before the car
has started to turn. An over-correction will twitch the body the other
way, and the result can be a wiggle which is not only undignified, but
uncomfortable as well. The steering itself is not wholly to blame - in
the Maserati Khamsin it is close to perfection - but rather the way it
interacts with the car's roll stiffness and handling. By the time the
Citroën left us, the cloth upholstery had picked up a few stains that
could not easily be shampooed off. The cloth has a smoother and more
solid texture than most, and while it gives a most agreeable sitting
surface, it seems more prone to mark than most. For the rest, the car
could hardly be faulted except that yet again, somebody had picked up a
scratch just ahead of one rear wheel arch. The Citroën's enormous
wheelbase seems always to catch people out like this (the Safari is
worse still) and the bulbous sides make things even worse. It is well
worth taking extra care swinging out between gateposts, though even the
most experienced Citroen pilots manage to catch themselves out from
time to time, at least where the tricky entry to the Dorset House car
park is concerned.
|
|
|
The seats have picked up some
stains but remain as comfortable as ever
|
Luggage
capacity is rather limited by the abrupt tail cut-off but it is perhaps
deeper and more capacious than the rather shallow opening suggests
|
Conclusion
Does
the CX Diesel make sense? Of course it does, unless you are unable to
adapt to the different driving style dictated by the engine. One misses
the acceleration more in Britain than in most places, perhaps, but even
here there are open roads and motorways where it is not needed, and
towns where the acceleration is quite sufficient in any case. Don't
forget that 90mph cruising speed if you are looking for a fast touring
car; don't forget that over 30 mpg fuel economy if you are trying to
save money. And don't forget the CX's almost spectacular roominess and
comfort if you are in the market for a luxury saloon.
|
Specification
|
Engine:
In-line, 4-cyl, 90 x 85.5 mm (3.54 x 3.37 in.), 2,175 c.c. (132.7
cu.in.); CR 22.25 to 1; Bosch Rotary or Roto diesel injection 66 bhp
(DlN) at 4,500 rpm; max torque 92.6 lb.ft. (12.8 mkg) at 2,750 rpm.
Transmission: From engine, front
drive. Manual, overall ratios: 3.82, 5.39, 8.73, 15.1, Top gear mph/
1,000 rpm 19.3,
Suspension:
ifs, upper and lower transverse arms, hydropneumatic units, anti-roll
bar. Rear, independent, trailing arms, hydropneumatic units, anti-roll
bar.
Steering: rack and pinion; VariPower
(power assisted). Brakes: Dual circuit, hydraulic servo, 10.2 in. front
discs, 8.6 in. rear discs
Dimensions:
Wheelbase, 9ft 4in. (284cm); front track 4ft 10in. (147cm), rear track
4ft 5 1/2in. (136cm). Overall length, 15ft 1in. (46Ocm), width 5ft 8in.
(173cm), height 4ft 5,5in. (136cm). Turning circle 35ft Gin. (10.8m).
Unladen weight 3,140|b. (1,426kg); Max payload 1,034lb. (470kg).
Others: tyres 185-14 (front),
175-14. (rear) 5 1/2in. rims. Fuel 15 galls (68 litres); warranty 6
mths; unltd mlqe.
|
|
Maximum Speeds
|
Gear |
mph |
kph |
rpm |
Top (mean) |
89 |
143 |
4,600 |
Top (best) |
90 |
145 |
4,650 |
3rd |
66 |
106 |
4,850 |
2nd |
42 |
68 |
5,000 |
1st |
24 |
42 |
5,000 |
Acceleration
|
True mph |
Time (sec) |
Speedo mph |
30 |
5.9 |
32 |
40 |
9.3 |
43 |
50 |
14.6 |
53 |
60 |
20.8 |
63 |
70 |
30.8 |
74 |
80 |
50.8 |
84 |
90 |
- |
96 |
Standing 1/4 mile |
21.9 sec |
61 mph |
Standing kilometre |
40.7 sec |
74 mph |
mph |
Top
|
3rd
|
2nd
|
10-30 |
-
|
9.4
|
5.6
|
20-40 |
14.2
|
9.2
|
6.2
|
30-50 |
14.7
|
9.6
|
-
|
40-60 |
22.4
|
11.1
|
-
|
50-70 |
29.3
|
-
|
-
|
60-80 |
30.1
|
-
|
-
|
Consumption
|
Overall mpg: 33.5
mpg (8.4 litres per 100km) |
|
|
|
|